FARM-SCALE RECONNAISSANCE OF ESTROGENS IN SUBSURFACE WATERS by
نویسندگان
چکیده
.....................................................................................................................................5 Acknowledgements.....................................................................................................................5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................5 Background.................................................................................................................................6 Objectives...................................................................................................................................6 Materials and Methods................................................................................................................7 Site Description.......................................................................................................................7 Soil Description ......................................................................................................................8 Sampling protocol...................................................................................................................8 Field Procedure.......................................................................................................................9 Laboratory Procedure..............................................................................................................9 Extraction Procedure.............................................................................................................10 Solid Phase Extraction ..........................................................................................................10 Chemical Analysis ................................................................................................................10 Statistical Analysis................................................................................................................11 Laboratory Dissipation Study................................................................................................13 Results and Discussion..............................................................................................................14 Analysis of Composite Data ..................................................................................................14 Spatial and Temporal Variability...........................................................................................14 Possible climatic effects on temporal variation......................................................................15 Depth Effects ........................................................................................................................17 Effects of soil properties........................................................................................................19 Results of Laboratory Dissipation Study................................................................................24 Effects of Manure Application ..............................................................................................26 First Field Season (2006)...................................................................................................26 Second field season (2007)................................................................................................27 Toxicological Comparisons...................................................................................................28 Consideration of E2 Sources .................................................................................................28 Conclusions ................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. References ................................................................................................................................31
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